Acne in pregnancy

Overview

Acne in pregnancy is a common skin condition where blocked pores cause spots, pimples, or bumps on the skin. It usually happens because of changes in hormone levels during pregnancy.

Yes, acne is very common during pregnancy. About half of all pregnant people will have some acne, especially in early pregnancy.

Acne in pregnancy can affect anyone who is pregnant, regardless of whether they had acne before. It is more common in people who have had acne in the past.

Symptoms

Common symptoms

• Whiteheads or blackheads (comedones)
• Red, tender bumps (papules)
• Pus-filled pimples (pustules)
• Cysts or deep, painful lumps under the skin – less common

Causes

Main causes

• Hormonal changes during pregnancy – especially higher levels of progesterone and androgens – can make your skin produce more oil (sebum). Extra oil can clog pores and cause acne.

Risk factors

• Having had acne before pregnancy
• A family history of acne
• Using skincare or makeup that is oily or comedogenic (pore-clogging)
• Stress, which can make acne worse

When to see a doctor

See a doctor urgently if:

• If you have signs of a skin infection: spreading redness, warmth, fever, or very painful spots

Book a routine appointment if:

• If your acne is bothersome or affecting your mood and daily life
• If over-the-counter acne products are not helping after a few weeks
• If you are unsure which acne treatments are safe during pregnancy

Diagnosis

A doctor or midwife can usually diagnose acne in pregnancy by looking at your skin. They will ask about your symptoms, when they started, and any other medical conditions or medications.

Tests that may be done

• No special tests are needed for acne. If the appearance is unusual, a doctor might do a swab to check for infection, but this is rare.

What to expect at your appointment

The visit is usually quick. The doctor will ask about your pregnancy and skincare routine. They can recommend safe treatments and explain which products to avoid.

Treatment

Treatment for acne in pregnancy focuses on safe, gentle options. Many common acne medications are not recommended during pregnancy because they can harm the baby. Always check with a healthcare provider before using any acne product, even over-the-counter ones.

Self-care at home

• Wash your face twice a day with a mild, soap-free cleanser and lukewarm water. Pat dry – do not rub.
• Use a non-comedogenic (oil-free) moisturizer to keep skin hydrated.
• Avoid picking, squeezing, or popping pimples – this can cause scarring and infection.
• Choose oil-free, 'non-comedogenic' makeup and sunscreen.
• Wash your hair regularly if it is oily, and keep your hands away from your face.

Medical treatments

If self-care is not enough, a doctor may recommend a topical (applied to the skin) treatment that is safe during pregnancy. These may include certain antibiotics in cream form or other gentle agents. Oral medications are generally avoided unless the acne is very severe, and even then, only a specialist can prescribe something safe. Avoid any products containing retinoids (like tretinoin) or isotretinoin – these can cause birth defects.

When is surgery considered?

Surgery is not used to treat acne. However, if a large, painful cyst forms, a doctor might drain it in the clinic under sterile conditions. This is rare during pregnancy.

Living with this condition

Living with acne in pregnancy can be frustrating, but most cases are temporary. It often gets better after the first trimester or after the baby is born. Focus on a consistent, gentle skincare routine and avoid harsh products.

Lifestyle tips

• Try to manage stress with rest, gentle exercise (with your doctor’s okay), or relaxation techniques like deep breathing.
• Get enough sleep – fatigue can make acne worse.
• Avoid touching your face with your hands to prevent spreading bacteria.

Diet and exercise

There is no strong evidence that diet causes or cures acne in pregnancy. A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains is good for overall health. Stay hydrated. Exercise, if approved by your doctor, can help with stress and circulation – just wipe sweat off your face afterwards.

Mental health and emotional wellbeing

Acne can affect how you feel about your appearance, and this can be extra challenging during pregnancy. You are not alone. It is okay to feel upset. Talk to your partner, a friend, or your healthcare provider. If the acne is causing anxiety or depression, please seek support. If you have thoughts of harming yourself, call your local emergency number or a crisis helpline right away.

Prevention

You cannot fully prevent acne in pregnancy because it is caused by hormones. However, a gentle skincare routine and avoiding pore-clogging products may help reduce breakouts.

Complications

If left untreated

• Scarring from picking or squeezing spots
• Dark spots (post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation) that can linger after the acne heals
• Infection if spots are not cared for properly

Long-term outlook

For most people, acne in pregnancy gets better on its own, especially after the first few months. After delivery, hormones return to normal and the acne usually clears completely. Even if it persists, safe treatment options are available. You can expect good skin health with proper care.

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