rosacea after diagnosis

Overview

Rosacea is a long-term skin condition that mainly affects the face. It can cause redness, flushing, visible blood vessels, and small red bumps or pimples. It is not contagious and is not caused by poor hygiene.

Yes. Rosacea is thought to affect about 1 in 20 people worldwide. Many people have it without knowing, because symptoms can be mistaken for acne or a normal blush.

It affects people of any skin colour, but it is most common in fair-skinned adults. Both men and women can get it, but women are more likely to have it. Men sometimes get more severe cases, especially thickening of the nose.

Symptoms

Common symptoms

• Persistent redness on the nose, cheeks, chin, or forehead
• Flushing that comes and goes
• Visible small blood vessels on the face
• Small red bumps or pus-filled spots that look like acne
• A burning, stinging, or dry feeling on the skin
• Thickened skin on the nose in some people

Causes

Main causes

• The exact cause of rosacea is not known. It is likely a mix of genes, an overactive immune response, and certain things in the environment that trigger flushing. Tiny mites called Demodex may play a role, but more research is needed.

Risk factors

• Fair skin or light-coloured hair
• A family history of rosacea
• Being over 30 years old
• Having a history of frequent flushing or blushing
• Living in a sunny or hot climate
• Smoking

When to see a doctor

Diagnosis

A doctor or skin specialist (dermatologist) will ask about your symptoms and look at your face. They may ask what you have tried and what seems to make it worse.

Tests that may be done

• There is no single test for rosacea.
• Sometimes a small skin sample (biopsy) is taken to rule out other conditions.
• If your eyes are affected, you may be referred for an eye exam.

What to expect at your appointment

The diagnosis is made during an office visit. Your doctor will examine your skin and may use a special light to look at blood vessels. You will leave with a plan, including which products to use and what to avoid.

Treatment

Treatment for rosacea focuses on controlling symptoms and reducing flare-ups. It is a long-term condition, so the goal is to keep your skin comfortable and looking its best.

Self-care at home

• Wash your face twice a day with a gentle, fragrance-free cleanser.
• Moisturise every day with a product made for sensitive skin.
• Apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher every morning.
• Pat your skin dry with a soft towel - do not rub.
• Keep a diary of what triggers your flares, such as spicy food, heat, or stress.
• Use a cool, damp cloth on your face when it feels hot.

Medical treatments

Doctors can prescribe creams, gels, or oral medicines that help reduce redness, bumps, and irritation. They may also offer laser or light treatments to make visible blood vessels less noticeable. Your doctor will choose the option that fits your skin type and symptoms. You will be told exactly how to use any treatment, and you should follow the instructions carefully.

When is surgery considered?

Surgery is rare. For a thickened nose (rhinophyma), a specialist can reshape the excess tissue using a small procedure. This is not cosmetic surgery; it is done to help the skin look and feel better.

Living with this condition

Managing rosacea is a daily practice. With the right skin care and lifestyle choices, most people can keep their skin calm. You may need to try different routines to find what works best for you.

Lifestyle tips

• Wear a wide-brimmed hat and sunscreen every day.
• Avoid sudden changes in temperature, like saunas or icy winds.
• Choose skin products labelled 'fragrance-free' and 'non-comedogenic'.
• Find ways to relax, such as deep breathing, gentle exercise, or hobbies.
• Remember that you are much more than your skin.

Diet and exercise

Some people notice that spicy food, hot drinks, or alcohol trigger a flush. This is different for everyone. Exercise is good for you, but overheating can worsen flushing. Try working out in a cool place, sip water, and rinse your face gently afterwards.

Mental health and emotional wellbeing

Living with a visible skin condition can be stressful. You may feel self-conscious or worry about how others see you. These feelings are valid. If you feel low or anxious, talk to your doctor or a mental health professional. If you are in crisis or thinking about hurting yourself, please reach out to your local crisis line or go to your nearest emergency department.

Prevention

While rosacea cannot be prevented, you can reduce the number of flare-ups. Protecting your skin from the sun, avoiding your personal triggers, and using gentle products can make a big difference.

Complications

If left untreated

• If rosacea is not managed, the redness may become more permanent.
• The skin can thicken, especially on the nose.
• Some people also develop eye problems, such as dry, red, or irritated eyes.

Long-term outlook

With today's treatments, most people with rosacea can see clear improvement. The condition may come and go, but it can be managed. You can live an active, full life and keep your skin healthy.

Find support

International organisations

• National Rosacea Society ↗

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