stomach that comes and goes

Overview

Intermittent stomach pain means you have tummy pain that comes and goes. It is not constant. The pain may be sharp, dull, cramping, or feel like a knot. It can last for minutes or hours and then disappear for days or weeks.

Yes, it is very common. Most people experience some form of stomach pain that comes and goes at some point in their lives.

It can affect anyone, but it is more common in people with conditions like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), indigestion, or food intolerances.

Symptoms

Common symptoms

• Sharp or dull pain in the abdomen
• Bloating or feeling full
• Nausea
• Gas or burping
• Changes in bowel habits such as constipation or diarrhea

Symptoms in children

• Fussiness or crying
• Pulling their legs up to their tummy
• Loss of appetite
• Not wanting to play

Symptoms in older adults

• Dull ache that comes and goes
• Loss of appetite
• Feeling full quickly
• Constipation

Causes

Main causes

• Gas or bloating
• Indigestion (dyspepsia)
• Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
• Constipation
• Food intolerances (e.g., lactose intolerance)
• Stomach flu (gastroenteritis)
• Stress and anxiety

Risk factors

• High stress levels
• Diet high in fatty or spicy foods
• Drinking too much caffeine or alcohol
• Smoking
• Certain medications (like anti-inflammatory painkillers)
• Family history of digestive issues

When to see a doctor

See a doctor urgently if:

• If you have sudden, severe pain
• If you are vomiting blood or have blood in your stool
• If you have a fever with the pain
• If you are unable to pass gas or stool

Book a routine appointment if:

• If the pain happens often and interferes with daily life
• If you have lost weight without trying
• If you have persistent changes in bowel habits

Diagnosis

Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. They may examine your abdomen and recommend simple tests to find the cause.

Tests that may be done

• Blood tests
• Stool tests
• Breath tests for bacteria or food intolerances
• Abdominal ultrasound
• Endoscopy (a thin tube with a camera to look inside the stomach)

What to expect at your appointment

The doctor will first rule out serious causes. Many tests are simple and can be done as an outpatient. You may be asked to keep a food and symptom diary.

Treatment

Treatment depends on the cause. Often, lifestyle changes and over-the-counter remedies (such as antacids or pain relief from your pharmacy) can help. Always check with your doctor before taking any medicine.

Self-care at home

• Eat smaller, more frequent meals
• Avoid foods that trigger symptoms (like spicy or fatty foods)
• Drink plenty of water
• Exercise regularly to reduce stress and improve digestion
• Get enough sleep

Medical treatments

Your doctor may prescribe medications to reduce stomach acid, ease gas, or manage IBS symptoms. Probiotics may be recommended. For suspected food intolerances, you may be referred to a dietitian.

When is surgery considered?

Surgery is rarely needed and only if a specific condition like gallstones or appendicitis is found. Your doctor will discuss this if necessary.

Living with this condition

Living with intermittent stomach pain can be frustrating. Keeping a diary of what you eat and when the pain occurs can help identify triggers.

Lifestyle tips

• Manage stress through relaxation techniques like deep breathing or meditation
• Avoid eating large meals late at night
• Stay physically active

Diet and exercise

A balanced diet with plenty of fibre can help. Exercise like walking or yoga can improve digestion and reduce stress.

Mental health and emotional wellbeing

Chronic pain can affect your mood and lead to anxiety. It is important to talk to your doctor about how you are feeling.

Prevention

It may not always be preventable, but you can reduce the chances by eating a healthy diet, managing stress, and avoiding known triggers.

Vaccines

Not applicable.

Screening programmes

Not applicable.

Complications

If left untreated

• Chronic pain that affects quality of life
• Weight loss or malnutrition if you avoid eating
• Worsening of an underlying condition like an ulcer

Long-term outlook

For most people, intermittent stomach pain can be managed well with lifestyle changes and treatment. The outlook is good, especially if the cause is identified and addressed.

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