Work related stress illness

Overview

Work-related stress illness is the negative physical and emotional response that happens when the demands of your job are more than your ability to cope. It is not a medical diagnosis but a condition that can lead to health problems if not managed.

Yes, work-related stress is very common. Many people experience it at some point in their working lives.

It affects people of all ages who are in paid employment, especially those in jobs with high demands, low control, or lack of support.

Symptoms

Common symptoms

• Feeling tired, drained, or exhausted most of the time
• Headaches, muscle tension, or stomach problems
• Sleeping too much or too little
• Feeling anxious, irritable, or low
• Losing interest in things you used to enjoy
• Difficulty concentrating or making decisions

Symptoms in children

• Work-related stress is not typically seen in children, as it relates to the workplace.

Symptoms in older adults

• Older adults may experience additional effects like worsening of chronic health conditions (e.g., high blood pressure), more trouble sleeping, or feelings of isolation at work.

Causes

Main causes

• Having too much work to do in too little time
• Not having control over how you do your job
• Lack of support from managers or colleagues
• Bullying or conflict at work
• Unclear job roles or expectations
• Job insecurity or fear of losing your job

Risk factors

• Working long hours or overtime regularly
• Having a demanding job with little say in decisions
• Lack of a supportive work environment
• Balancing work with other pressures like caregiving
• Perfectionism or difficulty saying no

When to see a doctor

See a doctor urgently if:

• If you have chest pain, shortness of breath, or thoughts of self-harm.

Book a routine appointment if:

• If stress symptoms like sleep problems, low mood, or anxiety last for more than two weeks
• If you are struggling to cope with daily work or home life
• If you have missed work due to stress and want to return in a healthy way

Diagnosis

There is no specific test for work-related stress illness. A doctor will talk with you about your symptoms, work situation, and how you are feeling. They will also make sure there are no other medical causes for your symptoms.

Tests that may be done

• A conversation with your doctor about your symptoms and work life
• Sometimes a questionnaire about your mood and stress levels
• A physical exam or blood tests to rule out other conditions like thyroid problems or vitamin deficiencies

What to expect at your appointment

Your doctor will listen to you, ask about your work and home life, and help you understand what is going on. They may suggest self-help strategies, talking therapies, or lifestyle changes. They will not judge you or tell you to just 'get on with it.'

Treatment

Treatment for work-related stress focuses on helping you cope better and reducing the sources of stress when possible. Most people improve with self-care and support. Sometimes talking therapies or workplace adjustments are recommended.

Self-care at home

• Try to get regular sleep and a consistent routine
• Practice relaxation techniques like deep breathing or gentle exercise
• Talk to a trusted friend, family member, or colleague about how you feel
• Set boundaries – learn to say no to extra tasks when you are overwhelmed
• Take short breaks during the workday and use your holiday time

Medical treatments

Your doctor may recommend talking therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) or counseling. These can help you change unhelpful thought patterns and develop better coping skills. In some cases, your doctor may suggest a short period of time off work or workplace adjustments. They may also refer you to a stress management program. Medication is not usually the first choice, but if you also develop depression or an anxiety disorder, your doctor might discuss treatment options with you – never start or stop medication without medical advice.

When is surgery considered?

Surgery is not used for work-related stress illness.

Living with this condition

Living with work-related stress means finding a balance between work demands and your wellbeing. It can help to plan your day, set realistic goals, and make time for activities you enjoy. Talk to your manager about flexible working or changes that might reduce stress.

Lifestyle tips

• Prioritize sleep – aim for 7–9 hours a night
• Limit caffeine and alcohol, especially close to bedtime
• Take regular exercise – even a 20-minute walk can help
• Eat a balanced diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains

Diet and exercise

Eating well and staying active can boost your mood and energy levels. Try to include some physical activity most days, such as walking, cycling, or swimming. A healthy diet supports your brain and body to handle stress better.

Mental health and emotional wellbeing

Work-related stress can take a toll on your mental health, leading to anxiety, depression, or burnout. It is important to seek help early. Talking to a counsellor or a support group can make a big difference. Remember, this is not your fault.

Prevention

While not all workplace stress can be prevented, many steps can reduce the risk. Good communication with managers, clear job roles, and a supportive work culture are key. Learning to manage your own stress with healthy habits also helps.

Vaccines

There is no vaccine for work-related stress illness.

Screening programmes

There is no routine screening for work-related stress, but your workplace may do regular surveys or risk assessments to identify stress risks.

Complications

If left untreated

• Chronic anxiety or depression
• Burnout – feeling completely exhausted and unable to cope
• Physical health problems like high blood pressure, heart disease, or weakened immune system
• Relationship problems at home or work
• Increased risk of relying on unhealthy coping habits like smoking, drinking, or overeating

Long-term outlook

The outlook for work-related stress is very good with the right support. Most people recover fully and learn skills to manage stress better. Seeking help early and making changes to your work or lifestyle can lead to lasting improvements.

Find support

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