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Spirometry is a common breathing test that measures how much air you can breathe out and how fast you can exhale. It helps doctors check how well your lungs are working.
Key facts
Spirometry is a very common test used worldwide to diagnose and monitor lung conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and pulmonary fibrosis.
Anyone with breathing symptoms like shortness of breath, wheezing, or a long-term cough might be referred for spirometry. It is used for people of all ages, including children and older adults.
A spirometry test is performed by a trained healthcare professional, often a nurse or respiratory technician, in a clinic or hospital lung function lab.
You will be seated comfortably and asked to wear a nose clip so air does not escape. You take a deep breath, put your lips tightly around a tube, and blow out as hard and fast as you can. You will repeat this several times to get the best result. The test may feel tiring but is not painful.
Treatment depends on what the spirometry results show. It focuses on managing the underlying lung condition, relieving symptoms, and preventing flare-ups.
Doctors may prescribe inhalers (bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory medications) to open the airways and reduce swelling. For some conditions, oral medications, oxygen therapy, or pulmonary rehabilitation (a programme of exercise and education) may be recommended. The specific plan will be tailored to your spirometry results and overall health.
Understanding your spirometry results helps you and your doctor track how your lungs are doing over time. You can learn to recognise early signs of a flare-up and take action early.
A healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains supports your immune system. Regular gentle exercise like walking, cycling, or swimming can strengthen your breathing muscles. Always check with your doctor before starting a new exercise routine.
While some lung conditions cannot be prevented, you can lower your risk by not smoking, avoiding lung irritants, and treating chest infections early. Spirometry itself is a test – it does not prevent disease but helps catch problems early.
Flu and pneumonia vaccines are recommended for people with lung conditions to prevent infections that could make breathing worse.
Spirometry is often used as a screening test if you have a history of smoking or have breathing symptoms. Early detection can lead to better outcomes.
Most people with lung conditions can lead active lives with proper management. Spirometry helps you and your doctor keep your lungs as healthy as possible. The results guide treatment so you can breathe easier and stay well.
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Always verify with your doctor
Health guidelines vary by country and region. The information in this article is based on international clinical guidelines but may not reflect the specific guidelines, medications, or practices in your country. Always discuss your health concerns with your own doctor or healthcare provider, and refer to your local national health guidelines where available.
Important notice This information is for educational purposes only. It does not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider about your specific situation. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency services immediately.
This article is educational and is prepared with reference to recognized health information and clinical guidance sources where available. Specific source links may vary by topic.
Last updated: July 9, 2026
Educational note: This information is for education only and is not a diagnosis.
Use it to support, not replace, advice from a licensed clinician.
If symptoms are severe, worsening, or urgent, call your local emergency number or seek emergency care.
Surgery is not common for most lung conditions. In severe cases of COPD or pulmonary fibrosis, lung volume reduction surgery or lung transplantation might be considered, but this is only after many other treatments have been tried.
Living with a lung condition can cause worry or sadness, especially if you feel breathless often. It is normal to feel this way. Talk to your healthcare team or a counsellor who understands chronic illness.