Diagnostics·Diagnostics
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Informed by recognized medical guidance
Varicose veins are swollen, twisted veins that you can see just under the surface of the skin. They most often appear in the legs. They happen when the tiny valves inside your veins stop working properly, causing blood to pool and the vein to bulge.
Key facts
Yes, varicose veins are very common. About 1 in 3 adults have them, and they become more common as you get older.
Varicose veins can affect anyone, but they are more common in women, people over 50, and those who have a family history of the condition. Pregnancy, being overweight, and jobs that require standing for long periods also increase your risk.
Your doctor will first ask about your symptoms and examine your legs while you are standing. They will look for swelling, skin changes, and feel for the veins. A simple ultrasound test is often used to see how well your vein valves are working and to check for blood clots.
The diagnosis is usually straightforward. Your doctor will explain what they find and recommend next steps if needed. The tests are painless and non-invasive.
Treatment for varicose veins depends on your symptoms and how much they bother you. Many people do not need any treatment. If your symptoms are mild, self-care may be enough. For more bothersome veins, medical treatments can close or remove them.
Living with varicose veins can be managed with simple habits. Wear compression stockings if your doctor recommends them. Take breaks to move and stretch your legs. Elevate your legs whenever you can, especially after long periods of standing or sitting. These steps can help reduce discomfort and prevent the veins from getting worse.
You cannot always prevent varicose veins, especially if you have a family history. However, you can reduce your risk by staying active, maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding long periods of standing or sitting, and elevating your legs when you can. Wearing compression stockings during pregnancy may also help.
There are no vaccines for varicose veins.
There is no routine screening test for varicose veins. They are usually found during a physical exam. If you have risk factors or symptoms, talk to your doctor.
For most people, varicose veins are not a serious health problem and do not cause long‑term issues. With self‑care and treatment, symptoms can be well managed. Complications are uncommon and can often be treated. The outlook is generally very good.
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Always verify with your doctor
Health guidelines vary by country and region. The information in this article is based on international clinical guidelines but may not reflect the specific guidelines, medications, or practices in your country. Always discuss your health concerns with your own doctor or healthcare provider, and refer to your local national health guidelines where available.
Important notice This information is for educational purposes only. It does not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider about your specific situation. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency services immediately.
This article is educational and is prepared with reference to recognized health information and clinical guidance sources where available. Specific source links may vary by topic.
Last updated: July 16, 2026
Educational note: This information is for education only and is not a diagnosis.
Use it to support, not replace, advice from a licensed clinician.
If symptoms are severe, worsening, or urgent, call your local emergency number or seek emergency care.
Medical treatments for varicose veins include minimally invasive procedures that close off the affected vein, such as laser treatment, radiofrequency ablation, or sclerotherapy (injecting a solution to seal the vein). These are done in a clinic and you can usually go home the same day. In some cases, surgery may be recommended to remove the vein. Your doctor will discuss which option is best for you, based on the size and location of the veins and your overall health.
Surgery for varicose veins is less common now because of less invasive options. It may be recommended if a vein is very large, if other treatments have not worked, or if there are complications like skin ulcers.
Eat a balanced diet rich in fibre and low in salt to help prevent swelling and constipation (which can strain veins). Include plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Drinking enough water also helps. Regular exercise, especially walking, cycling, or swimming, keeps blood moving in your legs.
Varicose veins can affect how you feel about your appearance and may cause self-consciousness. It is normal to have these feelings. Talking to your doctor about treatment options can help. If you feel anxious or depressed, reach out to a trusted friend, family member, or mental health professional. Your local health service may offer support groups or counselling.