Day of pacemaker
Informed by recognized medical guidance
Overview
A pacemaker is a small device placed under the skin near your collarbone. It sends tiny electrical signals to your heart to help it beat at a normal rate and rhythm. The day of the surgery is when this device is implanted.
Key facts
- The procedure usually takes 1 to 2 hours.
- Most people go home the next day or sometimes the same day.
- You will be awake but sedated (relaxed) during the surgery.
Pacemaker implantation is a common procedure. Hundreds of thousands of people have pacemakers worldwide.
It is typically used in people whose heart beats too slowly (bradycardia) or has other rhythm problems. It can affect people of any age, but is most common in older adults.
Symptoms
- Sudden collapse or loss of consciousness
- Chest pain that lasts more than a few minutes
- Severe shortness of breath that does not go away
- ⚠Signs of infection at the incision site (redness, swelling, pus, fever)
- ⚠New or worsening dizziness
- ⚠The pacemaker site becomes very painful
Common symptoms
- Feeling dizzy or lightheaded
- Fainting or near-fainting
- Fatigue or weakness
- Shortness of breath
- Chest pain or discomfort
Symptoms in children
- Poor feeding or growth
- Unusual tiredness during play
- Fainting spells
Symptoms in older adults
- Confusion or memory problems
- Falls due to dizziness
- Reduced ability to do daily activities
Causes
Main causes
- The heart's natural pacemaker (the sinus node) is not working properly
- Damage to the heart's electrical system from aging, heart disease, or surgery
- Certain medications that slow the heart rate too much
Risk factors
- Older age
- Heart disease, such as coronary artery disease or heart attack
- Heart surgery in the past
- Certain congenital heart conditions (present at birth)
When to see a doctor
See a doctor urgently if:
- If you faint or have a seizure
- If you have chest pain or severe shortness of breath
Book a routine appointment if:
- If you have repeated dizzy spells
- If you feel your heart skip beats or beat very slowly
Diagnosis
Your doctor will review your symptoms, medical history, and perform tests to check your heart's electrical activity.
Tests that may be done
- Electrocardiogram (ECG) - records the heart's electrical signals
- Holter monitor - a portable ECG worn for 24-48 hours
- Event recorder - a device you use when you feel symptoms
- Echocardiogram - ultrasound to see the heart's structure
What to expect at your appointment
On the day of the pacemaker implant, you will arrive at the hospital, have an IV line placed, and be given medicine to relax you. The doctor will numb the area and make a small cut to insert the pacemaker leads (wires) and the device. You will be monitored for a few hours after and may have a chest X-ray to confirm everything is in place.
Treatment
Treatment for a slow heart rhythm often starts with a pacemaker. On the day of the procedure, the device is implanted. After recovery, the pacemaker is programmed to meet your heart's needs.
Self-care at home
- Keep the incision clean and dry for the first few days.
- Avoid lifting heavy objects or raising your arm above your shoulder on the side of the pacemaker for about 4 to 6 weeks.
- Contact your doctor if you notice any signs of infection or if the device feels like it is moving.
Medical treatments
Pacemaker implantation is the main medical treatment. Before the procedure, your doctor may prescribe medicines to manage symptoms or address the underlying cause. After implantation, the pacemaker settings can be adjusted non-invasively using a special programmer.
When is surgery considered?
The implantation itself is a surgery. It is usually done under local anesthesia with sedation. In rare cases, general anesthesia may be used.
Living with this condition
Most people return to normal activities within a few weeks. You may need to avoid strong magnetic fields and keep cell phones away from the pacemaker. You will have regular check-ups to ensure the device is working well.
Lifestyle tips
- Carry a pacemaker identification card (given by your hospital).
- Tell healthcare providers (like dentists) you have a pacemaker before any procedure.
- Avoid contact sports that might hit the chest area.
Diet and exercise
A heart-healthy diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains is beneficial. Mild exercise like walking is encouraged. Ask your doctor before starting any new exercise program.
Mental health and emotional wellbeing
It is normal to feel anxious or worried about having a device in your body. Many people find it helps to talk with a counselor or join a support group. Over time, most people adjust well.
Prevention
You cannot always prevent the conditions that lead to needing a pacemaker, but managing heart disease risk factors (like high blood pressure, diabetes, and smoking) can help.
Complications
If left untreated
- The slow heart rhythm can cause fainting, falls, and injury.
- It can lead to heart failure or worsen existing heart disease.
- In severe cases, it can be life-threatening.
Long-term outlook
With a pacemaker, most people have a normal or near-normal life expectancy. The device can greatly improve energy levels and quality of life. Regular follow-up and care are important for long-term success.
Find support
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Always verify with your doctor
Health guidelines vary by country and region. The information in this article is based on international clinical guidelines but may not reflect the specific guidelines, medications, or practices in your country. Always discuss your health concerns with your own doctor or healthcare provider, and refer to your local national health guidelines where available.
Important notice This information is for educational purposes only. It does not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider about your specific situation. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency services immediately.
Related conditions
Sources and guidance
This article is educational and is prepared with reference to recognized health information and clinical guidance sources where available. Specific source links may vary by topic.
Last updated: July 18, 2026
Educational note: This information is for education only and is not a diagnosis.
Use it to support, not replace, advice from a licensed clinician.
If symptoms are severe, worsening, or urgent, call your local emergency number or seek emergency care.