TURP overview
Informed by recognized medical guidance
Overview
Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is a surgical procedure to treat urinary problems caused by an enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia or BPH). During TURP, a surgeon inserts a thin tube through the urethra and removes part of the prostate to relieve pressure on the urinary tract.
Key facts
- TURP is one of the most common surgeries for an enlarged prostate.
- It is done under general or spinal anaesthesia.
- Most men see significant improvement in urinary symptoms after TURP.
Yes, TURP is a common surgical procedure for men with moderate to severe urinary symptoms from an enlarged prostate.
TURP is typically performed on men with an enlarged prostate that causes bothersome urinary symptoms, especially those who have not responded well to medications or other treatments.
Symptoms
- Sudden inability to urinate at all (acute urinary retention)
- Heavy blood in urine with clots
- Severe pain in lower abdomen or back
- ⚠Burning or pain during urination (may indicate infection)
- ⚠Fever with urinary symptoms
Common symptoms
- Frequent need to urinate, especially at night
- Weak or slow urine stream
- Difficulty starting urination
- Feeling of incomplete bladder emptying
Symptoms in older adults
- Older men may also have trouble starting urination or a sudden urge to urinate.
- Some may experience leaking or dribbling after urination.
Causes
Main causes
- Age-related changes in hormone levels
- Family history of enlarged prostate
- Obesity
Risk factors
- Age over 50
- Lack of physical activity
- Diabetes and heart disease
When to see a doctor
See a doctor urgently if:
- If you are unable to urinate at all
- If you have severe pain in your lower belly or groin
Book a routine appointment if:
- If you have bothersome urinary symptoms that affect your quality of life
- If you notice blood in your urine
Diagnosis
Your doctor will review your symptoms, perform a physical exam, and may order tests to check your prostate and urinary system.
Tests that may be done
- Digital rectal exam (DRE)
- Urine tests to check for infection or blood
- Blood test for prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
- Uroflowmetry (measures flow of urine)
- Post-void residual volume (measures urine left in bladder after urinating)
What to expect at your appointment
Most tests are done in your doctor's office or a clinic and are not painful. Your doctor will explain the results and discuss treatment options with you.
Treatment
Treatment for an enlarged prostate often starts with lifestyle changes and medications. If symptoms are severe or do not improve, surgery like TURP may be recommended.
Self-care at home
- Limit fluid intake in the evening to reduce nighttime urination
- Avoid caffeine and alcohol, which can irritate the bladder
- Double voiding (urinate, wait a minute, then try again) to empty the bladder more completely
Medical treatments
Medications that relax the muscles of the prostate or shrink the prostate may be prescribed. These include alpha-blockers and 5-alpha reductase inhibitors. Always take medications as directed by your doctor.
When is surgery considered?
Surgery such as TURP may be considered if medications are not effective, you have repeated urinary tract infections, bladder stones, or if you have had acute urinary retention.
Living with this condition
After TURP, you may need a catheter for a day or two. Recovery includes rest, drinking plenty of water, and avoiding heavy lifting for several weeks. Most men return to normal activities within 4–6 weeks.
Lifestyle tips
- Stay active with walking, but avoid strenuous exercise until cleared by your doctor.
- Drink water to help flush the bladder, but avoid large amounts at once.
- Follow up with your doctor for regular checks.
Diet and exercise
A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains supports overall health. Gentle exercise like walking is beneficial.
Mental health and emotional wellbeing
It is normal to feel anxious before surgery or during recovery. Talk to your doctor or a counsellor if you feel down.
Prevention
There is no guaranteed way to prevent an enlarged prostate, but maintaining a healthy weight, staying active, and eating a balanced diet may lower your risk.
Screening programmes
Regular check-ups with your doctor can help detect prostate problems early.
Complications
If left untreated
- Urinary tract infections
- Bladder stones
- Kidney damage
- Acute urinary retention
Long-term outlook
With proper treatment, most men get significant relief from their symptoms. TURP is a very effective procedure with a high success rate. Your doctor will discuss the risks and benefits with you.
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Always verify with your doctor
Health guidelines vary by country and region. The information in this article is based on international clinical guidelines but may not reflect the specific guidelines, medications, or practices in your country. Always discuss your health concerns with your own doctor or healthcare provider, and refer to your local national health guidelines where available.
Important notice This information is for educational purposes only. It does not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider about your specific situation. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency services immediately.
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Sources and guidance
This article is educational and is prepared with reference to recognized health information and clinical guidance sources where available. Specific source links may vary by topic.
Last updated: July 16, 2026
Educational note: This information is for education only and is not a diagnosis.
Use it to support, not replace, advice from a licensed clinician.
If symptoms are severe, worsening, or urgent, call your local emergency number or seek emergency care.
Guidance may differ by country or region. Confirm local recommendations with a qualified healthcare provider.