long lasting tremor

Overview

A long-lasting tremor is a rhythmic, involuntary shaking that continues for months or years. It most often affects the hands, but can also affect the head, voice, arms, or legs. This type of tremor is not usually dangerous, but it can make daily tasks like eating, writing, or dressing more difficult.

Yes, long-lasting tremors are quite common, especially as people get older. The most common cause is essential tremor, which affects about 1 in 100 people worldwide.

It can affect people of any age, but it is most common in adults over 40. Some types of tremor run in families. People with certain neurological conditions (like multiple sclerosis) may also develop a long-lasting tremor.

Symptoms

Common symptoms

• A rhythmic shaking in one or both hands, especially when holding a cup or writing.
• Shaking in the head or voice that may be noticeable to others.
• Tremor that gets worse with stress, fatigue, or caffeine.
• Difficulty with fine motor tasks like using a spoon, buttoning clothes, or writing legibly.

Symptoms in children

• Tremors in children are rare but can happen, often due to conditions like essential tremor or medication side effects.
• The shaking may affect the hands or head and can interfere with school activities like drawing or using a keyboard.

Symptoms in older adults

• Older adults may have more noticeable tremors because muscles naturally weaken with age.
• Tremors can make it harder to eat, dress, or do hobbies like knitting or gardening.
• They are more likely to have other health conditions that can worsen tremor, such as thyroid problems or medication side effects.

Causes

Main causes

• Essential tremor, a common condition that often runs in families.
• Parkinson's disease – though tremor from Parkinson's is usually most noticeable at rest.
• Medications such as certain asthma drugs, antidepressants, or mood stabilizers.
• Neurological conditions like multiple sclerosis or stroke affecting the cerebellum.
• Overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) or low blood sugar.

Risk factors

• Family history of tremor – essential tremor is often inherited.
• Age – tremors become more common after age 40.
• Certain medical conditions like diabetes, liver disease, or nerve damage.
• Heavy alcohol use or withdrawal from alcohol or drugs.
• Using caffeine or stimulants in large amounts.

When to see a doctor

See a doctor urgently if:

• If the tremor comes on suddenly and is accompanied by weakness, numbness, or facial drooping.
• If you have a tremor after a head injury or fall.
• If you have a fever, stiff neck, or confusion along with the tremor.

Book a routine appointment if:

• If the tremor has been present for several weeks and is bothering you or affecting your daily activities.
• If you have a family history of tremor and want to know what to expect.
• If you think a medication might be causing your tremor.

Diagnosis

Your doctor will ask about your symptoms, medical history, and any medications you take. They will also do a physical exam to see how the tremor behaves—whether it happens when you move or when you are still.

Tests that may be done

• Blood tests to check for thyroid problems, low blood sugar, or vitamin deficiencies.
• Imaging tests like an MRI or CT scan if a stroke or other brain condition is suspected.
• A neurological exam to test your coordination, balance, and reflexes.

What to expect at your appointment

The doctor may ask you to hold your hands out, touch your nose, or write a sentence. They might also observe you doing simple tasks like pouring water. The whole process usually takes 30 minutes to an hour. You may be referred to a neurologist for further evaluation.

Treatment

Treatment depends on the cause of the tremor and how much it affects your life. Many people with mild tremors do not need treatment. For those who do, options include lifestyle changes, medications (talk to your doctor about options), and in some cases, procedures like deep brain stimulation.

Self-care at home

• Cut back on caffeine, as it can make tremors worse.
• Reduce stress with relaxation techniques like deep breathing or meditation.
• Avoid alcohol – it may seem to help temporarily but often makes tremors worse in the long run.
• Make small adjustments to daily tasks – use heavier cups, sip through a straw, or wear button-free clothing.

Medical treatments

If lifestyle changes are not enough, your doctor may suggest medications that help control the tremor. These include beta‑blockers (which lower the effect of adrenaline) and anti-epileptic drugs. No medication completely stops tremor, but many people get good relief. Your doctor will work with you to find the safest option. Do not change or stop any medication without medical advice.

When is surgery considered?

For severe tremors that do not respond to other treatments, a procedure called deep brain stimulation (DBS) may be an option. This involves placing small electrodes in the brain to regulate abnormal signals. It is major surgery and is only considered after a thorough evaluation by a specialist.

Living with this condition

Living with a long-lasting tremor can be frustrating, but small changes can make a big difference. You can use weighted utensils, non-slip mats, and adaptive tools to help with eating, writing, and grooming. Some people find that holding the elbow or bracing the hand steady when doing fine tasks helps control the shaking.

Lifestyle tips

• Get enough sleep – fatigue makes tremors worse.
• Try to stay calm and practice mindfulness – stress is a common trigger.
• Use appointment reminders and try to keep a consistent routine to reduce anxiety.
• Stay active – gentle exercise like walking or tai chi can improve coordination and reduce stress.

Diet and exercise

A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains supports overall nerve health. Avoid too much caffeine and limit alcohol. Regular, moderate exercise such as swimming, walking, or cycling can help maintain muscle strength and coordination without overstimulating the nervous system.

Mental health and emotional wellbeing

Having a visible tremor can affect your confidence and social life. It is normal to feel embarrassed or anxious. Many people find that talking about their condition openly with friends and family reduces the emotional burden. If feelings of sadness or worry persist, consider speaking with a counsellor or your doctor.

Prevention

Most long-lasting tremors cannot be prevented, especially if they run in your family. However, you can reduce the chance of tremor from some causes by avoiding heavy alcohol use, managing stress, and speaking to your doctor before starting new medications. Keeping your thyroid and blood sugar in check may also help.

Complications

If left untreated

• Difficulty with self-care tasks like feeding, dressing, or grooming.
• Social withdrawal due to embarrassment about the shaking.
• Increased risk of falls if the tremor affects your balance or coordination.
• Fatigue from constant muscle movement.

Long-term outlook

The outlook for people with a long-lasting tremor is generally positive. While the tremor may not go away completely, most people learn to manage it well with a combination of strategies. Many lead full, independent lives. Your healthcare team can help you find the best ways to adapt and stay active.

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