Loss of interest

Overview

Loss of interest, also called anhedonia (an-hed-oh-nee-uh), is when you no longer find pleasure or enjoyment in things you used to love. It can feel like everything is flat or pointless. This is a common symptom of depression, but it can also happen with other health conditions.

Yes, loss of interest is very common. Many people experience it at some point, especially during times of stress, after a loss, or during a depressive episode.

It can affect anyone of any age, gender, or background. It is especially common in people with depression, but also in those with chronic physical illnesses, anxiety disorders, or after major life changes.

Symptoms

Common symptoms

• No longer enjoying hobbies or activities you once liked
• Feeling emotionally numb or disconnected
• Lack of motivation to start or finish tasks
• Pulling away from friends and family
• Finding it hard to care about work, school, or relationships

Symptoms in children

• Losing interest in playing with toys or friends
• No longer excited about favorite games or activities
• Withdrawing from family interactions
• Falling behind in schoolwork because they seem uninterested

Symptoms in older adults

• Seeming ‘low’ or uninterested in social events or family gatherings
• Losing interest in hobbies like gardening, reading, or crafts
• Complaining of tiredness or lack of energy without clear cause
• Mistaken for normal aging or dementia symptoms

Causes

Main causes

• Depression — the most common cause of lasting loss of interest
• Anxiety disorders — constant worry can drain your energy and enjoyment
• Grief and loss — after the death of a loved one or end of a relationship
• Physical health problems — such as thyroid issues, vitamin deficiencies, or chronic pain
• Certain medicines — some drugs can cause low mood or loss of interest as a side effect

Risk factors

• Family history of depression or other mental health conditions
• Major life changes or stressful events (job loss, divorce, moving)
• Chronic illness or long-term pain
• Substance use or alcohol misuse
• Social isolation or lack of support

When to see a doctor

See a doctor urgently if:

• If you have thoughts of harming yourself or suicide, or if you feel in crisis, this is an emergency. Call your local emergency number immediately.
• If you stop eating or drinking for more than a day, seek urgent care.

Book a routine appointment if:

• If you have had loss of interest for more than two weeks and it is affecting your daily life — even mildly — make an appointment with your healthcare provider.
• If you notice that you are withdrawing from people or activities you used to enjoy.

Diagnosis

Your healthcare provider will talk with you about your feelings, your daily life, and how long the loss of interest has lasted. They may ask you to fill out a short questionnaire about your mood. They will also ask about your physical health to rule out other causes.

Tests that may be done

• Blood tests to check for thyroid problems, vitamin B12 or iron deficiency, and other medical conditions
• Depression screening questionnaires (like the PHQ-9)

What to expect at your appointment

The appointment is a conversation, not a test. Your provider wants to understand what you are going through. It may help to bring a friend or family member. Be honest about how you feel — there is no judgment.

Treatment

Treatment for loss of interest depends on the cause. If it is linked to depression, talking therapies are often the first step. For some people, medication may be recommended. Lifestyle changes can also make a big difference. Treatment takes time, but most people feel better with the right support.

Self-care at home

• Set small, achievable goals each day — like taking a short walk or calling a friend
• Try to keep a regular routine for sleep, meals, and activities
• Limit alcohol, caffeine, and recreational drugs — they can make low mood worse
• Spend time in nature or in sunlight, even for a few minutes daily
• Talk to someone you trust about how you feel

Medical treatments

Your doctor may suggest talking therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) or counselling. These help you explore thoughts and feelings and find ways to cope. If therapy alone is not enough, your doctor might discuss antidepressant medication in general terms — they will explain how these medicines work and possible side effects. Follow your doctor's advice and do not stop any treatment without consulting them.

When is surgery considered?

Surgery is not used for loss of interest.

Living with this condition

Living with loss of interest can be hard, but small steps help. Try to stick to a simple daily routine. Be patient and kind to yourself — recovery is not a straight line. Accept help from others when you need it.

Lifestyle tips

• Stay connected with people who understand you, even if you don't feel like it
• Get some physical activity each day — walking, stretching, or dancing
• Make time for rest and relaxation without guilt
• Keep a journal to note any small joys or progress

Diet and exercise

Eating regular, balanced meals can support your mood. Try to include plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Even gentle exercise like a 10-minute walk can boost your energy and interest over time.

Mental health and emotional wellbeing

Loss of interest often comes with low mood, sadness, or irritability. It can make you feel disconnected from others. If you are feeling suicidal or in crisis, call your local emergency number or a crisis helpline immediately. You are not alone — help is available.

Prevention

Loss of interest cannot always be prevented, especially when it is linked to life events or health conditions. However, building strong social connections, managing stress, staying active, and seeking help early for mood changes can reduce the risk of it becoming severe.

Screening programmes

Routine screening for depression is sometimes done in primary care, especially for people with chronic illness or a history of mental health problems. Ask your doctor about screening if you are concerned.

Complications

If left untreated

• Persistent depression that becomes harder to treat
• Strain on relationships with family and friends
• Difficulty performing at work or school, possibly leading to job loss or dropping out
• Physical health problems due to poor self-care or lack of activity
• Increased risk of substance use or suicidal thoughts

Long-term outlook

The outlook is hopeful. Most people who experience loss of interest recover fully with the right support and treatment. Recovery can take weeks or months, but many find that their enjoyment of life returns. Your healthcare provider can help you find the best path forward.

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