memory that comes and goes

Overview

Memory that comes and goes means you have times when it's hard to remember things, but other times your memory seems fine. This is different from constant memory problems. It can be temporary or a sign of something that needs medical attention.

Yes, many people experience temporary memory lapses at some point, especially during stressful times or when they're tired. It becomes more common as we get older.

It can affect people of all ages, though it is more common in older adults. Children and young adults may also experience it due to lack of sleep, stress, or other factors.

Symptoms

Common symptoms

• Forgetting recent events or conversations
• Feeling like words are on the tip of your tongue
• Losing track of where you placed everyday items
• Difficulty remembering appointments, names, or why you walked into a room

Symptoms in children

• Difficulty concentrating in school
• Forgetting homework instructions or deadlines
• Seeming 'spacey' or not paying attention
• Frequently losing things like toys or school supplies

Symptoms in older adults

• Forgetting recent events more often than usual
• Repeating the same questions or stories
• Difficulty finding words in conversation
• Getting lost in familiar places
• Trouble managing finances or medications

Causes

Main causes

• Stress and anxiety
• Not enough sleep or poor-quality sleep
• Certain medications (like sleeping pills, allergy meds, or some antidepressants)
• Depression
• Vitamin B12 deficiency
• Thyroid problems (overactive or underactive)
• Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) – a slight decline in memory that is more than normal aging but not dementia

Risk factors

• Older age
• Family history of memory disorders
• Lifestyle factors like poor diet, lack of exercise, or smoking
• Having a chronic condition like diabetes, high blood pressure, or heart disease

When to see a doctor

See a doctor urgently if:

• If memory loss comes on suddenly, especially with confusion or other stroke-like symptoms
• If it happens after a head injury
• If it's accompanied by seizures or loss of consciousness

Book a routine appointment if:

• If memory lapses happen more often and affect daily life
• If you're worried about your memory or a family member's memory
• If you have other symptoms like tiredness, weight changes, or mood changes

Diagnosis

Your doctor will start by talking to you about your memory problems, your medical history, and any medications you take. They may ask you to do some simple tests of your thinking and memory. They will also check for other possible causes like depression or vitamin deficiencies.

Tests that may be done

• Blood tests to check for vitamin B12 levels, thyroid function, and other health markers
• Cognitive screening tests (like the Mini-Mental State Exam) to assess memory and thinking skills
• Sometimes a brain scan (MRI or CT) to look for changes in the brain

What to expect at your appointment

The doctor will discuss the results with you. Depending on the findings, they may recommend lifestyle changes, treat an underlying condition, or refer you to a specialist like a neurologist (a brain and nerve doctor) or a geriatrician (a doctor for older adults).

Treatment

Treatment depends on what is causing the memory problems. In many cases, once the underlying cause is addressed, memory improves. For example, treating a vitamin deficiency or adjusting medications can help. If the cause is mild cognitive impairment, there are strategies to help manage symptoms.

Self-care at home

• Get enough sleep — most adults need 7-9 hours per night
• Manage stress through relaxation techniques, hobbies, or talking to someone
• Stay mentally active with puzzles, reading, or learning new skills
• Keep a routine and use memory aids like lists, alarms, or a calendar

Medical treatments

Treatment may include addressing conditions like depression, thyroid problems, or vitamin deficiencies with appropriate therapies. For some memory disorders, doctors may recommend cognitive training or other non-drug approaches. No specific drug names or doses are given here; always follow your doctor's advice.

Living with this condition

Living with memory that comes and goes can be frustrating, but there are ways to manage. Keep a regular daily routine, use a calendar or planner, and place important items (like keys and glasses) in the same spot every day. Involve family and friends so they can support you.

Lifestyle tips

• Stay socially active — connect with others regularly
• Challenge your brain with crosswords, card games, or learning something new
• Avoid alcohol and smoking, which can affect memory
• Have regular health check-ups

Diet and exercise

A heart-healthy diet, such as the Mediterranean diet with lots of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fish, may support brain health. Regular physical activity — like walking, swimming, or dancing for 30 minutes most days — also helps keep your mind sharp.

Mental health and emotional wellbeing

Memory problems can cause anxiety, frustration, and even depression. It's important to talk about your feelings. If you feel overwhelmed, speak to your doctor or a counsellor. Remember, you are not alone. If you need crisis support, contact a mental health helpline in your area.

Prevention

Not all memory problems can be prevented, but you can lower your risk. Eating well, staying physically active, managing stress, getting enough sleep, and staying socially and mentally engaged all help keep your brain healthy.

Screening programmes

Screening for memory problems is not routine for everyone, but your doctor may check your memory during regular check-ups, especially if you are older or have risk factors.

Complications

If left untreated

• If the cause is a treatable condition like vitamin deficiency or thyroid problem, not treating it can lead to persistent memory problems
• In some cases, what seems like simple forgetfulness could be the start of a more serious memory disorder

Long-term outlook

For many people, memory that comes and goes improves once the cause is found and treated. Even when the cause is not fully reversible, there are ways to manage symptoms and maintain a good quality of life. Staying proactive about your health and seeking help early offers the best chance for a positive outcome.

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