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The FIT bowel screening test is a simple, at-home test that looks for hidden blood in your stool (poo). It helps find bowel cancer early, when it's easier to treat. The test is done every two years for people aged 60 to 74 in the UK.
Key facts
Bowel cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the UK. The FIT test helps find it early, when treatment is most successful.
The FIT test is offered to everyone aged 60 to 74 in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland, and from 50 in Scotland. It is for people who do not have any symptoms. If you have symptoms, your doctor may recommend a different test.
The FIT test is a first step. If you have symptoms, or if your FIT test shows blood, the next step is usually a colonoscopy – a camera test to look inside your bowel.
The FIT test is simple and takes just a few minutes. If you need a colonoscopy, you will usually be given a laxative to clear your bowel. The procedure is not painful, and you may be offered a sedative to help you relax. Most people go home the same day.
Treatment for bowel cancer depends on the stage and your general health. Options may include surgery to remove the cancer, chemotherapy (medicines that kill cancer cells), radiotherapy (high-energy rays), or targeted treatments. Your doctor will explain what is best for you.
Medical treatments for bowel cancer can include surgery to remove the tumour, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted drug treatments. The exact plan is decided by a team of specialists and depends on the cancer’s stage and location. Always discuss with your doctor.
After bowel cancer treatment, many people return to their normal life. Some may have side effects like tiredness or changes in bowel habits. Follow-up appointments and scans help monitor your health. Talk to your healthcare team about any concerns.
A balanced diet with plenty of fibre can help with bowel function. Gentle exercise like walking can boost energy and mood. Avoid heavy lifting too soon after surgery.
You cannot always prevent bowel cancer, but you can lower your risk by eating a healthy diet, staying active, not smoking, and limiting alcohol. The FIT screening test can find cancer early or even prevent it by finding and removing polyps.
The FIT test is a free screening test offered every two years to people aged 60-74 (50-74 in Scotland). If you are eligible, it is a simple way to check for hidden blood in your stool. Ask your GP if you have not received a kit.
The outlook for bowel cancer is very good if it is found early. More than 9 out of 10 people with stage 1 bowel cancer survive for 5 years or more. That is why the FIT test is so important. Even if the cancer is more advanced, treatments have improved a lot and many people live well for years.
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Always verify with your doctor
Health guidelines vary by country and region. The information in this article is based on international clinical guidelines but may not reflect the specific guidelines, medications, or practices in your country. Always discuss your health concerns with your own doctor or healthcare provider, and refer to your local national health guidelines where available.
Important notice This information is for educational purposes only. It does not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider about your specific situation. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency services immediately.
This article is educational and is prepared with reference to recognized health information and clinical guidance sources where available. Specific source links may vary by topic.
Last updated: July 8, 2026
Educational note: This information is for education only and is not a diagnosis.
Use it to support, not replace, advice from a licensed clinician.
If symptoms are severe, worsening, or urgent, call your local emergency number or seek emergency care.
Surgery is the most common treatment for early-stage bowel cancer. Often the surgeon removes the part of the bowel containing the cancer and joins the healthy ends back together. In some cases a temporary or permanent stoma (bag on the tummy) may be needed.
A cancer diagnosis can be very stressful. Feelings of anxiety, sadness, or fear are normal. Talking to a professional or joining a support group can help. If you are struggling with thoughts of harming yourself, please contact a crisis helpline or call your local emergency number immediately.