Diagnostics·Diagnostics
Kidney function tests
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Kidney function tests are a group of blood and urine tests that check how well your kidneys are working. Your kidneys filter waste and extra fluid from your blood, so these tests help doctors see if your kidneys are healthy or if there is a problem.
Key facts
Kidney function tests are very common. Doctors often order them as part of a routine health check or if you have conditions like high blood pressure or diabetes.
These tests are for anyone who may have kidney problems. You might need them if you have diabetes, high blood pressure, a family history of kidney disease, or if you take medicines that can affect your kidneys.
Kidney function is usually checked with blood and urine tests. Your doctor may also order an ultrasound to look at your kidneys.
Treatment for kidney problems depends on the cause and how much kidney function you have lost. The main goals are to slow down any further kidney damage and manage the underlying condition.
Most people with mild to moderate kidney function loss can live a normal life by following their treatment plan. You may need to see your doctor regularly for check-ups and blood tests.
You cannot always prevent kidney disease, but you can lower your risk by keeping your blood pressure and blood sugar under control, eating a healthy diet, drinking enough water, avoiding too many painkillers, and not smoking.
Getting vaccinated against flu and pneumococcal disease can help prevent infections that might further harm your kidneys. Ask your doctor which vaccines are right for you.
If you have diabetes, high blood pressure, or a family history of kidney disease, regular screening with blood and urine tests can catch problems early. Ask your doctor how often you should be tested.
The outlook for people with kidney problems is often very good, especially when caught early. Many people live full, active lives with proper treatment and lifestyle changes. Even if kidney function continues to decline, treatments like dialysis and transplant can help you live for many years. Your healthcare team will work with you to give you the best possible care.
Always verify with your doctor
Health guidelines vary by country and region. The information in this article is based on international clinical guidelines but may not reflect the specific guidelines, medications, or practices in your country. Always discuss your health concerns with your own doctor or healthcare provider, and refer to your local national health guidelines where available.
Important notice This information is for educational purposes only. It does not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider about your specific situation. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency services immediately.
This article is educational and is prepared with reference to recognized health information and clinical guidance sources where available. Specific source links may vary by topic.
Last updated: July 8, 2026
Educational note: This information is for education only and is not a diagnosis.
Use it to support, not replace, advice from a licensed clinician.
If symptoms are severe, worsening, or urgent, call your local emergency number or seek emergency care.
The blood test is just like any other blood draw – a small needle is used to take a sample from your arm. For the urine test, you will be asked to provide a sample in a cup. You may be asked to collect all your urine over 24 hours. The tests are painless and results usually come back in a few days.
Your doctor may prescribe medicines to lower blood pressure, control blood sugar, or reduce protein in the urine. Some medicines help protect the kidneys from further damage. If your kidney function drops very low, you may need dialysis (a machine that filters your blood) or a kidney transplant.
Surgery may be needed if you have a kidney stone or blockage, or if you receive a kidney transplant. The decision for surgery is made with your medical team.
Your doctor may recommend a kidney-friendly diet that limits sodium, potassium, and phosphorus. A dietitian can help you plan meals. Exercise helps control blood pressure and blood sugar, which protects your kidneys.
Learning you have kidney problems can be worrying. You may feel anxious or depressed. It is normal to have these feelings. Talk to your doctor or a counselor. You are not alone.
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