Surgery·Surgery
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Varicose veins are swollen, twisted veins that usually appear on the legs. They happen when the small valves inside the veins stop working properly, allowing blood to pool in the veins instead of flowing back to the heart. Vein surgery is a procedure to remove or close off these damaged veins to relieve symptoms and prevent complications.
Key facts
Yes, varicose veins are very common. Up to 1 in 3 adults may have them at some point. The condition becomes more common with age and affects women more often than men.
Varicose veins can affect anyone, but they are more common in women, people over 50, pregnant women, and those who have a family history of the condition. People who stand or sit for long periods at work are also at higher risk.
Your doctor will first ask about your symptoms and examine your legs while you are standing. They will look for visible, swollen veins, skin changes, and any swelling or ulcers. To confirm the diagnosis and check the health of your deep veins, they will usually recommend an ultrasound scan.
The ultrasound is done in a clinic or hospital. You will lie on a table, and a gel will be spread on your leg. A small hand-held device (probe) is moved over your skin to create images of your veins. The test takes about 20 to 30 minutes. It does not hurt.
Treatment for varicose veins depends on how severe your symptoms are and whether you have complications like skin changes or ulcers. Many people do well with self-care and lifestyle changes. If these are not enough, there are several medical treatments available. Surgery is an option when other treatments have not worked or if your veins are very large or causing problems.
Living with varicose veins often means managing symptoms with simple daily habits. Wearing compression stockings, taking breaks to elevate your legs, and staying active can make a big difference. If you have had surgery, you will need to rest and follow your doctor’s advice for recovery, which may include wearing stockings and avoiding heavy lifting for a few weeks.
Varicose veins are not always preventable, but you can reduce your risk or slow their progression. Staying active, maintaining a healthy weight, elevating your legs, and avoiding long periods of standing or sitting can help. If you are prone to varicose veins, wearing compression stockings may prevent them from getting worse.
There is no routine screening for varicose veins. However, during a regular check-up, your doctor may check your legs if you have symptoms or risk factors. If you have a family history, you can mention it to your doctor.
With proper care and treatment, the outlook for varicose veins is very good. Most people find relief from symptoms and can prevent complications. Surgery and other treatments are effective for many, though new varicose veins can appear over time. Staying on top of self-care can help keep your veins healthy and reduce the chance of recurrence.
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Always verify with your doctor
Health guidelines vary by country and region. The information in this article is based on international clinical guidelines but may not reflect the specific guidelines, medications, or practices in your country. Always discuss your health concerns with your own doctor or healthcare provider, and refer to your local national health guidelines where available.
Important notice This information is for educational purposes only. It does not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider about your specific situation. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency services immediately.
This article is educational and is prepared with reference to recognized health information and clinical guidance sources where available. Specific source links may vary by topic.
Last updated: July 17, 2026
Educational note: This information is for education only and is not a diagnosis.
Use it to support, not replace, advice from a licensed clinician.
If symptoms are severe, worsening, or urgent, call your local emergency number or seek emergency care.
Medical treatments are done by a specialist. They may include endovenous laser or radiofrequency treatment (using heat to close the vein from inside), sclerotherapy (injecting a solution to close the vein), or phlebectomy (removing small veins through tiny cuts). Your doctor will explain the options that are right for you.
Surgery for varicose veins (often called vein stripping or ligation) is usually recommended only when other treatments have not helped or if you have severe symptoms. The surgeon removes or ties off the affected veins through small cuts. Recovery can take a few weeks, and there is a risk of infection, bruising, nerve damage, or blood clots. However, for many people surgery provides lasting relief of symptoms. Your doctor will discuss the specific benefits and risks based on your situation.
A healthy diet helps with weight management, which reduces pressure on your veins. Eating plenty of fiber can prevent constipation (which can worsen vein problems). Include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Drink plenty of water. Regular exercise like walking, swimming, or cycling for 30 minutes most days can improve blood flow and reduce symptoms.
Varicose veins can affect how you feel about your appearance, which may lead to self-consciousness or lower confidence. The pain or discomfort can also affect your mood. If you are feeling anxious or down, talk to your doctor or a mental health professional. If you ever feel overwhelmed, reach out to a crisis helpline or support service in your area.