seizure ultrasound explained

Overview

A seizure ultrasound is a safe, painless test that uses sound waves to create images of the blood flow in your brain. It is sometimes used to help doctors understand what is happening during or after a seizure.

Seizure ultrasound is not a common test for most people with seizures. It is usually used in special situations, such as when a doctor wants to check blood flow during a seizure or look for certain causes.

This test might be used for people of any age who have seizures, especially if doctors suspect problems with blood flow in the brain, or if other imaging tests are not possible.

Symptoms

Common symptoms

• The test itself does not have symptoms, but it may be done after a person has had a seizure to see what is happening in the brain.
• Doctors may recommend this test if a seizure is followed by a headache, weakness, or changes in vision.

Symptoms in children

• In children, a seizure ultrasound might be used if a child has a first seizure or if there are concerns about brain development.
• It is very safe and does not cause any pain or discomfort.

Symptoms in older adults

• For older adults, this test might be used to check if a seizure is related to changes in blood flow, such as from a stroke or narrowed arteries.

Causes

Main causes

• A seizure ultrasound is done to look for causes of seizures, such as problems with blood flow in the brain, blockages in arteries, or abnormal blood vessels.

Risk factors

• You might need this test if you have a condition that affects blood vessels, like high blood pressure or diabetes.
• It may also be used if you had a head injury or a stroke.

When to see a doctor

See a doctor urgently if:

• If you have a seizure for the first time, or if seizures become more frequent or severe.
• If a seizure lasts longer than usual or you have multiple seizures in a row.

Book a routine appointment if:

• If you have been diagnosed with epilepsy and your seizures are not well controlled, talk to your doctor about whether any imaging tests, including ultrasound, might help.

Diagnosis

A seizure ultrasound is one part of a larger process to diagnose the cause of seizures. Your doctor will first take a detailed history and may order other tests like an EEG (brain wave test) or MRI. The ultrasound is done by a trained technician and takes about 30 minutes.

Tests that may be done

• EEG (electroencephalogram) to record brain activity
• MRI or CT scan to look at brain structure
• Seizure ultrasound (transcranial Doppler) to check blood flow

What to expect at your appointment

During the test, you will lie down while a small handheld device (transducer) is moved over your temples or neck. A gel is applied to your skin to help the sound waves pass through. It does not hurt, and you can go home right after.

Treatment

A seizure ultrasound itself does not treat seizures. It provides information that helps your doctor choose the right treatment. Treatments for seizures usually include medications to prevent them, lifestyle changes, and sometimes surgery if the cause can be found.

Self-care at home

• Keep a seizure diary to track when they happen and what you were doing.
• Get enough sleep, as lack of sleep can trigger seizures.
• Avoid alcohol and recreational drugs, which can make seizures more likely.

Medical treatments

Medications known as anti-seizure drugs are the most common treatment. Your doctor will work with you to find the one that works best with the fewest side effects. Other options include special diets, nerve stimulation devices, or surgery to remove the part of the brain causing seizures.

When is surgery considered?

Surgery may be an option if imaging tests, including ultrasound, show a specific area in the brain that is causing the seizures, and if medications have not helped.

Living with this condition

If you have seizures, it is important to take your medications as prescribed, keep regular appointments, and tell your doctor about any changes. A seizure ultrasound is just one test that might help your care team understand your condition better.

Lifestyle tips

• Wear a medical alert bracelet so others know you have seizures.
• Make your home safe by padding sharp corners and avoiding high places.
• Tell family, friends, and coworkers what to do if you have a seizure.

Diet and exercise

A balanced diet and regular exercise can help overall health, but you should talk to your doctor before starting any new activity. Some people with seizures follow a special diet, like the ketogenic diet, under medical supervision.

Mental health and emotional wellbeing

Living with seizures can be stressful and may cause anxiety or depression. It is important to talk to your doctor or a mental health professional if you are feeling overwhelmed.

Prevention

Not all seizures can be prevented, but many can be controlled with treatment. Avoiding known triggers like lack of sleep, stress, and alcohol can help reduce the chance of seizures.

Complications

If left untreated

• Untreated seizures can lead to injuries from falls or accidents.
• Frequent seizures can affect memory, learning, and quality of life.
• In rare cases, prolonged seizures (status epilepticus) can be life-threatening.

Long-term outlook

With proper treatment, most people with seizures can live full and active lives. A seizure ultrasound is just one tool that can help doctors find the best treatment for you. There is hope for better seizure control and a good quality of life.

Find support

External links open third-party websites. Ruqelo Health is not responsible for external content. Listing an organisation does not imply endorsement.