Total IgE test
Informed by recognized medical guidance
Overview
The total IgE test measures the amount of immunoglobulin E (IgE) in your blood. IgE is a protein made by your immune system that plays a role in allergic reactions and fighting parasites. This test is often used to help diagnose allergies, asthma, and other conditions linked to high IgE levels.
Key facts
- IgE is one of five types of antibodies that help your body defend against infections.
- High IgE levels can point to allergies, asthma, eczema, or certain infections.
- Low IgE levels are usually not a concern, but very low levels can sometimes suggest a weakened immune system.
The total IgE test is a routine blood test used internationally. Elevated IgE is relatively common in people with allergies or asthma.
Anyone can have a total IgE test. It is often requested for people who have symptoms of allergies, asthma, or unexplained high levels of eosinophils (a type of white blood cell).
Symptoms
- Trouble breathing or wheezing that does not improve
- Swelling of the lips, tongue, or throat
- Dizziness, fainting, or feeling like you might pass out
- Rapid heartbeat or chest tightness
- Severe rash or hives all over the body after an allergy trigger
- ⚠Persistent, severe allergy symptoms that interfere with daily life
- ⚠Allergic reaction that is getting worse despite usual treatment
- ⚠Worsening of asthma symptoms that do not respond to quick-relief inhalers
Common symptoms
- Itchy or runny nose
- Sneezing or coughing
- Wheezing or shortness of breath
- Rash or hives
- Itchy, watery eyes
Symptoms in children
- Frequent sneezing or stuffy nose
- Eczema (itchy, dry skin)
- Coughing at night or after exercise
- Trouble sleeping due to coughing or wheezing
- Frequent ear infections
Symptoms in older adults
- Shortness of breath or wheezing, especially with activity
- Persistent cough
- Skin rashes or itching without a clear cause
- Unexplained fatigue or feeling run down
- Symptoms that are often blamed on aging but may be allergic
Causes
Main causes
- Allergies (to pollens, dust mites, pet dander, certain foods, or medicines)
- Asthma, especially allergic asthma
- Eczema (atopic dermatitis)
- Parasitic infections (such as worms)
- Certain immune system disorders
Risk factors
- Family history of allergies or asthma
- Personal history of eczema or hay fever
- Exposure to allergens at home or work
- Living in a region with high pollen counts or indoor allergens
- Certain chronic infections
When to see a doctor
See a doctor urgently if:
- Any symptom of a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) – call your local emergency number immediately.
- If you have asthma and your rescue inhaler is not helping, seek urgent medical care.
Book a routine appointment if:
- Persistent allergy symptoms that affect your quality of life.
- Unexplained rash, itching, or hives that last more than a few days.
- Recurring sinus infections or ear infections.
- Symptoms that interfere with sleep, work, or school.
Diagnosis
Your doctor will first ask about your symptoms and medical history. They may also perform a physical exam. If an allergy or immune disorder is suspected, they will order a blood test to measure your total IgE level.
Tests that may be done
- Total IgE blood test
- Specific IgE tests (to find out which allergens you react to)
- Skin prick tests (sometimes done by an allergist)
- Complete blood count (CBC) with differential to check eosinophil levels
What to expect at your appointment
A total IgE test requires a small blood sample taken from a vein in your arm. The procedure takes a few minutes. There is no special preparation needed, but tell your doctor about any medications you are taking. Results usually come back in a few days to a week. Your doctor will review the results along with your symptoms and other tests to make a diagnosis.
Treatment
Treatment depends on the underlying cause of high IgE. If allergies are the cause, treatment focuses on avoiding triggers and managing symptoms. If asthma is present, it is managed with medications and lifestyle adjustments. For parasitic infections, anti-parasitic medicines are used. In rare immune disorders, specialist care is needed.
Self-care at home
- Identify and avoid allergy triggers (dust, pollen, pet dander, certain foods)
- Use vacuum cleaners with HEPA filters and keep indoor air clean
- Wash bedding in hot water weekly to reduce dust mites
- Use over-the-counter antihistamines or saline nasal sprays as directed by your doctor or pharmacist
- Keep a symptom diary to track flare-ups and possible triggers
Medical treatments
Your doctor may recommend non-drowsy antihistamines, nasal corticosteroid sprays, or inhaled treatments for asthma. For severe allergies, allergen immunotherapy (allergy shots or under-the-tongue tablets) may be offered. In cases of parasitic infection, prescription medicines to clear the infection are available. Your healthcare provider will choose a treatment plan tailored to you.
When is surgery considered?
Surgery is not used to treat high IgE levels. Surgery might be considered only if complications like sinus polyps develop and do not respond to other treatments – but this is rare.
Living with this condition
Living with allergies or asthma requires a proactive approach. Learn your triggers and plan ahead. Keep rescue medications handy. Many people find that with proper treatment, they can enjoy an active life with few restrictions.
Lifestyle tips
- Wear a mask when doing outdoor chores that stir up pollen or dust
- Keep windows closed during high pollen seasons
- Use dust-proof covers on pillows and mattresses
- Shower and change clothes after being outdoors
- Use a dehumidifier in damp areas to reduce mold
- Quit smoking and avoid second-hand smoke
Diet and exercise
A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids may help support your immune system. There is no specific diet to lower IgE, but some people with food allergies need to avoid certain foods. Regular exercise (like walking, swimming, or yoga) can improve lung function and overall health. If you have asthma, use your pre-exercise inhaler as recommended by your doctor.
Mental health and emotional wellbeing
Chronic allergies or asthma can be stressful and may affect your mood or sleep. Feeling anxious about triggers or worried about severe reactions is common. It is important to talk to your healthcare provider about these feelings. Support groups can also help you connect with others who understand.
Prevention
You cannot prevent your immune system from producing IgE, but you can reduce the chance of developing allergies or asthma by minimizing exposure to known triggers. If you have a family history of allergies, early introduction of solid foods to infants (as directed by your paediatrician) may reduce food allergy risk. Managing stress and keeping up with regular exercise can support your immune system.
Vaccines
Vaccines cannot prevent high IgE levels. However, staying up to date on recommended vaccinations is important for overall health, including for people with asthma or allergies.
Screening programmes
Routine screening for high IgE is not recommended for the general public. Your doctor will suggest this test only if you have symptoms that suggest an allergic condition or another related disorder.
Complications
If left untreated
- Uncontrolled allergies can lead to chronic sinus infections, ear infections, or worsening asthma.
- Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) can be life-threatening if not treated quickly.
- Persistent inflammation from allergies may affect school or work performance and quality of sleep.
Long-term outlook
With proper diagnosis and management, most people with high IgE from allergies or asthma can live a full, active life. Treatment is very effective at controlling symptoms and preventing serious reactions. If an underlying infection or immune disorder is the cause, treating it usually brings IgE levels back to normal. Talk with your doctor about a plan that works for you.
Find support
International organisations
Local organisations
- Asthma + Lung UK ↗ · United Kingdom
- Allergy UK ↗ · United Kingdom
Helplines
External links open third-party websites. Ruqelo Health is not responsible for external content. Listing an organisation does not imply endorsement.
Always verify with your doctor
Health guidelines vary by country and region. The information in this article is based on international clinical guidelines but may not reflect the specific guidelines, medications, or practices in your country. Always discuss your health concerns with your own doctor or healthcare provider, and refer to your local national health guidelines where available.
Important notice This information is for educational purposes only. It does not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider about your specific situation. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency services immediately.
Related conditions
Sources and guidance
This article is educational and is prepared with reference to recognized health information and clinical guidance sources where available. Specific source links may vary by topic.
Last updated: July 16, 2026
Educational note: This information is for education only and is not a diagnosis.
Use it to support, not replace, advice from a licensed clinician.
If symptoms are severe, worsening, or urgent, call your local emergency number or seek emergency care.
Guidance may differ by country or region. Confirm local recommendations with a qualified healthcare provider.