Chest Pain
参照した情報源
この記事は患者教育のための独自コンテンツです。
- WHO—Health topics A–Z(2024)
- NHS—Health A to Z(2024)
- CDC—Health topics(2024)
国際的な臨床ガイドラインに基づいています
概要
Chest pain is any ache, pressure, tightness, or burning feeling in the chest area. It can be a sign of a heart problem, but many other conditions can also cause it. It is important to have chest pain checked by a healthcare provider to find the cause and get the right care.
重要な事実
- Chest pain is not always a heart attack – many causes are not life-threatening.
- Getting a proper diagnosis early can prevent serious complications.
- Lifestyle changes and medical treatment can often manage the underlying cause.
Yes, chest pain is a common complaint that leads many people to visit their doctor or emergency room.
Chest pain can affect people of any age, though heart-related causes become more common in older adults and those with risk factors.
症状
- Chest pain that is crushing, pressing, or feels like a heavy weight
- Pain that spreads to your arm, jaw, or back
- Chest pain with shortness of breath, cold sweat, nausea, or lightheadedness
- ⚠Chest pain that is new or getting worse
- ⚠Pain that happens when you rest or with little effort
- ⚠Chest pain that lasts more than a few minutes and does not go away with rest
一般的な症状
- A feeling of pressure, squeezing, or heaviness in the chest
- Sharp or stabbing pain that may come and go
- Burning sensation in the chest or upper abdomen
- Pain that spreads to the left arm, jaw, neck, or back
- Shortness of breath, sweating, or nausea along with the pain
子供の症状
- Chest pain in children is usually not from the heart but can be from coughing, injury, or anxiety
- Symptoms may include a sharp pain that worsens with deep breathing or movement
高齢者の症状
- Pain may be less intense or feel like indigestion
- Instead of sharp pain, they may feel general weakness, fatigue, or shortness of breath
- Nausea, dizziness, or confusion can be the main symptoms
原因
主な原因
- Heart conditions such as a heart attack, angina, or inflammation of the heart muscle
- Lung problems like pneumonia, a blood clot in the lung, or collapsed lung
- Digestive issues such as heartburn, acid reflux, or a stomach ulcer
- Muscle or bone problems like a strained chest muscle or costochondritis (inflammation of the rib joints)
- Anxiety or panic attacks
リスク要因
- High blood pressure, high cholesterol, or diabetes
- Smoking or using tobacco products
- Being overweight or obese
- Not getting enough physical activity
- A family history of heart disease
- Stress and anxiety
受診の目安
緊急で受診すべき場合：
- If you have chest pain that is sudden, severe, or does not go away
- If you also have shortness of breath, sweating, or nausea
- If the pain spreads to your arm, jaw, or back
定期受診を予約すべき場合：
- If you have mild chest pain that comes and goes, especially after eating or with stress
- If you have chest pain along with heartburn or indigestion that keeps coming back
- To check your heart health if you have risk factors like smoking, high blood pressure, or diabetes
診断
A healthcare provider will ask about your symptoms, medical history, and do a physical exam. They may run several tests to find the cause of your chest pain and check your heart health.
行われる可能性のある検査
- Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) – records the electrical activity of your heart
- Blood tests – to check for enzymes that suggest a heart attack or other conditions
- Chest X-ray – to look at your lungs and the size of your heart
- Stress test – measures how your heart works during exercise
- Echocardiogram – an ultrasound to see the structure and function of your heart
- Coronary angiography – a special X-ray to see blood flow in your heart arteries
診察で予想されること
You may be seen in an emergency room or your doctor's office. Some tests are done quickly, while others may be scheduled. The healthcare team will explain each test and what they are looking for. It is normal to feel anxious, but the staff will support you.
治療
Treatment for chest pain depends on the cause. If it is from your heart, the goal is to improve blood flow to the heart muscle and reduce your risk of a heart attack. For non‑cardiac causes, treatment focuses on the underlying condition, such as acid reflux or muscle strain.
自宅でのセルフケア
- Rest and avoid strenuous activity until you know the cause
- If the pain is from heartburn, avoid heavy meals and spicy foods
- Use relaxation techniques like deep breathing if anxiety triggers your pain
- Keep a symptom diary to share with your doctor
医療治療
Medications can include those that widen blood vessels, reduce blood pressure, lower cholesterol, or prevent blood clots. Medicines for other causes may include antacids for reflux or anti‑inflammatories for muscle pain. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions. Never share or take someone else’s medicine.
手術が検討される場合
In some cases, if the chest pain is caused by narrowed or blocked arteries, a procedure such as angioplasty (opening the artery with a balloon) or coronary artery bypass surgery may be recommended to improve blood flow to the heart.
この病気と共に生きる
Living with chest pain means learning what triggers it and managing your health. Follow your treatment plan, take any prescribed medicines as directed, and keep regular appointments with your healthcare provider.
生活習慣のアドバイス
- Quit smoking and avoid secondhand smoke
- Manage stress through hobbies, meditation, or talking to a counsellor
- Get enough sleep and take time to relax
- Limit alcohol and avoid illegal drugs
食事と運動
Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Cut back on salt, sugar, and saturated fats. Regular physical activity, such as walking or swimming, can strengthen your heart and improve your overall health. Always check with your doctor before starting a new exercise programme.
精神的健康と心の健康
Chest pain can be frightening and may lead to anxiety or depression. It is normal to worry. Talk to your healthcare provider about your feelings. They can offer support and refer you to a mental health professional if needed.
予防
Not all causes of chest pain can be prevented, but you can lower your risk of heart‑related chest pain by living a healthy lifestyle. Manage blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar, do not smoke, eat well, stay active, and keep a healthy weight.
検診プログラム
Regular health checks can catch risk factors early. Your doctor may check your blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar. If you have a family history of heart disease, your doctor may recommend earlier or more frequent screening.
合併症
治療しない場合
- Heart attack or damage to the heart muscle
- Irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias) that can be dangerous
- Heart failure, where the heart cannot pump blood as well as it should
- For non‑cardiac causes, problems like a collapsed lung or blood clot in the lung
長期的な見通し
With proper diagnosis and treatment, many people with chest pain can manage their condition well and lead active, full lives. Early care is key to preventing serious problems. Your healthcare team will work with you to find the best approach for your situation.
サポートを探す
国際機関
地域の団体
- Chest Heart & Stroke Scotland ↗ · Scotland
- Heart Foundation (Australia) ↗ · Australia
相談窓口
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